Determination of Resistin and Several Antioxidants in Sera of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

Background: Chronic kidney disease is a progressive loss of renal function over a period of months or years through five stages. Free radicals are formed in all living organisms during normal cell metabolism. Patients with chronic renal failure who are regulary dialysed are candidates for free radical damage. The aim of this study was to explore the role of decreased renal function on resistin and several Antioxidants. The current study investigate possible links with resistin, several Antioxidants and an increased risk of coronary heart disease present in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study is also to compare the plasma ceruloplasmin levels among patients [chronic renal failure] undergoing haemodialysis (before and after haemodialysis) and in control (age and sex matched). Methods: The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) has been measure in 35 patients with CKD using haemodialysis method. Laboratory investigations including kidney function, serum urea, creatinine, albumin, lipid profile [cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL)], in addition to serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (the level of lipid peroxidation expressed as malondialdehyde (MDA)), uric acid, Ceruloplasmin, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C and resistin had been measured in CKD patients. Blood samples were obtained from the patients just before and after the dialysis process of dialysis and the control group consisted of 24 age and sex matched normal healthy individuals who came to the hospital for health checkup. Results: Plasma urea, creatinine, GFR, Resistin, TAC, MDA, uric acid, Ceruloplasmin, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C showed significant difference between the predialysis and control group (P<0.001). GFR, LDL, MDA, vitamin A, vitamin E and Ceruloplasmin were increased in the post dialysis group when compared with predialysis (P<0.001). Urea, creatinine, resistin, TAC, uric acid and vitamin C were decreased in post dialysis group when compared with predialysis (P<0.001). There was also significant difference between control and pre dialysis group (P<0.001). TAC was lower than control group in post dialysis (P<0.001). Conclusions: Hemodialysis leads to significant changes in the antioxidant system of the blood of patients with chronic renal failure. Despite an adverse metabolic environment in chronic renal insufficiency, serum resistin increases in pre dialysis and post dialysis in patients when renal function deteriorates. resistin is not only affected by renal function per se, but appears influenced by proteinuria, and more significantly. the change in serum anti oxidants that accompanies decline in renal function.